Institutions and ideas had by that date already begun to de velop along lines quite unimagined by the early prophets of Italian nationalism and had acquired a life of their own which down to the present day forms a compact subject of study. March 1861 has been taken as the starting point of this book, the month in which Count Cavour declared that a kingdom of Italy was born. Finally, it must trace the gradual submergence of the liberals and anticlericals who had triumphed in the risorgimento, and their decisive supersession by the Catholics and communists who swept the board in the elections of 1948. It must also show how that defeat was to be followed by a vigorous national revival. A history of modern Italy must try to account for this fact, as it must further attempt to explain why the fascist dictatorship lasted so long, and why so severe a military defeat was encountered in 1940-43. For Italy had in 1861 been of all countries the most admired by liberal politicians and historians, and yet it proved to be the first to give way after 1919 before the new dictatorial imperialism. The careers of Crispi and Mussolini, who were the two chief architects of this particular change, prompt the thought that some flaws must have been embedded in nineteenth-century liberal patriotism and its achievements. An empire was also won and was subsequently lost again, as a patriotic movement gradually became imperialistic and then fascist. Two world wars were to be fought, both of them severely testing the fabric of Italian society. The risorgimento can now be taken not as a central theme but as a starting point, both to trace the consequences of this national movement down to the pres ent, and also to see how the course of later events may throw new light on earlier Italian patriotic feeling. The best-known histories of modern Italy used to take as their prin cipal theme the making of a new Italian nation in the nineteenth cen tury, but today a quite different emphasis is possible. 69-15851 Published in the United States o f America by the University o f Michigan Press and simultaneously in Don Mills, Canada, by Longman Canada Limited Manufactured in the United States o f America by Vail-Ballou Press, Inc., Binghamton, N. EhrmannīY DENIS MACK SMITH NEW EDITION REVISED AND ENLARGEDĪ n n A rbor : T he University o f M ichigan PressĬopyright © by the University o f Michigan 1959,1969 All rights reserved ISBN 1-7 Library o f Congress Catalog Card No. The University of Michigan History of the Modem World Edited by Allan Nevins and Howard M. Hartley Grattan Spain: A Modern History by Rhea Marsh Smith Africa to 1875: A Modern History by Robin Hallett Africa since 1875: A Modern History by Robin Hallett Eastern Europe: A Modern History by John Erickson Hartley Grattan The Southwest Pacific since 1900: A Modern History by C. Walsh The Near East: A Modern History by William Yale The Far East: A Modern History by Nathaniel Peffer India: A Modem History by Percival Spear The Southwest Pacific to 1900: A Modern History by C. Italy: A Modern History by Denis Mack Smith Russia and the Soviet Union: A Modern History by Warren B. Smelile France: A Modern History by Albert Guérard Germany: A Modern History by Marshall Dill, Jr. Fred Rippy Great Britain to 1688: A Modern History by Maurice Ashley Great Britain since 1688: A Modern History by K. The United States to 1865 by Michael Kraus The United States since 1865 by Foster Rhea Dulles Canada: A Modern History by John Bartlet Br ebner Latin America: A Modern History by J.
#Tic institute definitive guide to the greenbooks series
U pon com pletion, the series will consist o f the follow ing volum es:
This is a volum e in THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HISTORY OF THE MODERN WORLD Section Thirteen: The Transformation of Italy, 1943-1969 Section Twelve: Decline and Fall of a Roman Empire Section Eleven: The Theory and Practice of Fascism
Section Ten: Mussolini’s Revolution, 1922-1925 Section Nine: The War and Its Aftermath, 1915-1922 Section Seven: Giolitti and Liberal Reform, 1900-1911 Section Six: Colonial Defeat and Political Reaction, 1893-1900 Section Five: The Troubled Period of Crispi, 1880-1893 Section Four: The Nation Asserts Itself, 1870-1882 Section Three: The First Decade, 1861-1871 Section Two: The Political and Economic Scene About 1861
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